Comprehensive Analysis and Selection Strategy of Website Development Technology Stack

To develop a website, you need to master a series of complex technologies that cover multiple fields such as front-end, back-end, database management, server configuration, etc. And different types of websites, such as display and publishing sites, dynamic interactive sites, and e-commerce platforms, will have different technical requirements. Next, we will provide a detailed classification of the technologies required for these different types of websites.

1.1 ◆ Basic Core Technologies

Front end technology is mainly responsible for creating a user visible interface layer, which is related to the visual presentation and user interaction of the website, and is the first impression that users have when they first encounter the website.Front end technologies such as HTML, CSS, and JavaScript are the foundation for building visible interfaces for website usersHTML is the cornerstone of web pages, defining the basic structure of the page, including elements such as titles, paragraphs, images, and links. CSS is responsible for controlling the appearance and layout of web pages, covering various aspects such as color, font, spacing, and responsive design to adapt to different devices. JavaScript (JS) is the soul of front-end interaction, which can make web pages lively and interesting, implementing functions such as form validation, pop-up prompts, slideshow effects, and dynamic data loading.

1.2 ◆ Front end Framework and Library

Front end frameworks such as Vue.js and React accelerate development and improve code reuseBy simplifying the code for manipulating DOM in JavaScript, jQuery enhances cross browser compatibility, although it is gradually being replaced by modern frameworks. Vue.js is a lightweight progressive framework that is easy to get started with and perfect for building small to medium-sized interactive websites. React was developed under the leadership of Facebook, and its unique component-based approach makes it highly suitable for building large and complex single page applications. Angular is a fully functional framework created by Google, suitable for large teams to develop enterprise level applications.

1.3 ◆ Other front-end tools

TypeScript improves code stabilityAs a superset of JavaScript, TypeScript introduces type checking functionality. Building tools such as Webpack and Vite focus on code packaging and compression, aiming to optimize website loading and runtime performance. UI component libraries such as Element UI and Ant Design provide rich ready-made components, greatly simplifying the process of building interfaces.

2.1 ◆ Backend programming language

Backend technology mainly processes data and business logic, interacts with databases, and is responsible for responding to user requests.

Various programming languages such as NET, Java, and PHP are suitable for different types of applications NET MVC is renowned for its clear architecture and powerful testability, making it ideal for maintaining large-scale projects. Java is particularly suitable for developing large enterprise level applications due to its stability and powerful functionality. Common frameworks include Spring Boot and Spring MVC. PHP is widely used for small and medium-sized websites due to its fast development ecosystem and commonly used framework Laravel.

2.2 ◆ Backend Framework

Common backend frameworks improve development efficiency by simplifying functionality The NET and Java ecosystems are rich, providing multiple options to simplify the development process. Python's highly regarded full stack frameworks such as Django and Flask integrate numerous features, providing developers with a convenient development experience.

3.1 ◆ Relational databases

MySQL and PostgreSQL are suitable for structured dataMySQL is widely used in small and medium-sized websites and is extremely convenient to use in conjunction with programming languages such as PHP and Python. PostgreSQL has comprehensive features and can handle complex queries, making it suitable for large-scale projects.

3.2 Non relational databases

MongoDB and Redis are suitable for storing unstructured and real-time dataMongoDB is particularly adept at storing JSON formatted data, while Redis is often used for caching due to its extremely fast read and write speeds.

4.1 ◆ Server Environment

Deploying the website to the server is an essential step after its development is completed.

Linux and Windows Server are commonly used server operating systemsCommon server software includes Nginx and Apache, which are known for their stability and widespread use, respectively.

4.2 Docker and CI/CD

Docker packaging technology ensures environment consistencyAnd CI/CD tools such as Jenkins can achieve automatic testing, packaging, and deployment of code, thereby improving development efficiency.

4.3 ◆ Cloud Services

Alibaba Cloud, Tencent Cloud, AWS and other cloud services provide stable server and database supportEnable users to easily conduct business without the need to build their own physical servers.

5.1 ◆ Development Skills

In the process of website development, we need to master some key technologies and knowledge to ensure the smooth progress of the project.

Version control, API design, network protocols, and security knowledge are key in developmentVersion control can be effectively managed using Git in conjunction with GitHub for code management.

5.2 ◆ Security and SEO

Data encryption and SEO optimization are important means for website security and traffic enhancementTo prevent attacks such as SQL injection and XSS, we need to master data encryption techniques. Meanwhile, through reasonable HTML structure and tag optimization, website visibility and traffic can be improved.

5.3 ◆ Technology selection and learning path

Flexible selection of technology stack for different project requirementsFor scenarios such as small and medium-sized enterprises, group government affairs, or education, PageAdmin CMS is a commonly used website building system. For static websites such as personal blogs, HTML, CSS, and JavaScript are sufficient. For dynamic interactive websites such as forums, front-end frameworks need to be developed in conjunction with back-end languages and databases. Large scale e-commerce can adopt microservice architecture and cloud services. In the introductory stage, it is recommended to start learning HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and Python.